Sex differences in ability tilt: Support for investment theory
نویسندگان
چکیده
Article history: Received 13 October 2014 Received in revised form 6 March 2015 Accepted 23 April 2015 Available online 16 May 2015 This research examined sex differences in ability tilt, defined as within-subject differences in math and verbal scores on three tests (SAT, ACT, PSAT). These differences produced math tilt (mathNverbal) and verbal tilt (verbalNmath). Both types of tilt were correlated with specific abilities (e.g., verbal and math), based on the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery. Tilt was also correlatedwith collegemajors in STEM (e.g., science andmath) and the humanities (e.g., English and history), and with jobs in STEM and other occupations. Males showed math tilt and STEM preferences, whereas females showed verbal tilt and humanities preferences. Formales and females, math tilt predictedmath ability and STEM criteria (majors and jobs), and verbal tilt predicted verbal ability andverbal criteria. Tilt scores correlatednegativelywith competing abilities (e.g.,math tilt and verbal ability). The results supported investment theories,which assume that investment in a specific ability boosts similar abilities but retards competing abilities. In addition, the results bolster the validity of tilt, which was unrelated to g but still predicted specific abilities, college majors, and jobs. © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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